“incidents of violence . . .” “Guidelines for Preventing Workplace Violence . . .”
a Massachusetts judge . . . Elaine Thompson, “Hurt Healing Hands: Effort to Protect Health Workers,” Telegram & Gazette (Massachusetts), April 8, 2010.
hospitals that encourage nurses . . . See, for example, Emergency Department Violence Surveillance Study, August 2010; “ED Nurses Seeking Protection from Violence,” Hospital Employee Health, July 1, 2010; Emergency Department Violence Surveillance Study, November 2011.
“Victims are often untrained . . .” “Preventing Workplace Violence,” American Nurses Association Occupational Health and Safety Series, 2006.
In 2007, a drug-seeking patient . . . “actually getting worse.” JoNel Aleccia, “Swearing, Spitting, Choking: ER Nurses Endure This and More.” Vitals, msnbc.com, November 9, 2011. Nurses’ tolerance is expected to be even higher than patients’ tension. A New York ER nurse said that a patient scratched her, bit her, spit on her, and hit her so hard that her jaw broke. The attacker later told her, “I’m sorry. I was tired of waiting.” “Workplace Violence in Healthcare Settings,” Center for Personal Protection and Safety, August 2011.
“What I don’t have patience for . . .” Interview.
many hospitals aren’t providing . . . Interviews.
In nearly three-quarters of assaults . . .” Emergency Department Violence Surveillance Study.
“They want the nurses to ignore it . . .” Interview.
More assaults occur . . . See, for example, “ED Nurses Seeking Protection from Violence,” Hospital Employee Health, July 1, 2010.
target nurses. Examination of Bureau of Labor Statistics data on assaults causing occupational illnesses and injuries involving days away from work: 64 percent of assaults against healthcare practitioners and techs were against nurses. See also “Nonfatal Occupational Injuries and Illnesses Requiring Days Away from Work, 2010.” News Release. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 9, 2011; “Occupational Hazards in Hospitals,” CDC Workplace Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, April 2002; “Workplace Violence in Healthcare Settings.”
hospitals don’t train their staff Interviews.
“My residents get more training” Interview.
Tennessee state senators . . . five to four vote Steven Hale, “Ford Lashes Out at Nurses,” Tennessee Report, February 15, 2012.
Attacking a nurse is still only a misdemeanor Ken Steinhardt, “Progress on Felony Workplace Assault Laws,” ENA Connection 8, no. 2, February 2014.
In 2006, Brenda Coney . . . killed a pharmacist. Charles Broward, “Jury Sides with Family of Killed Shands Pharmacist,” Florida Times Union, October 1, 2011.
trauma patient who had been stabbed Author correspondence with Paul Matera; see also August Gribbin, “Hospital Health Hazard,” The Washington Times, February 10, 2002.
punched Matera . . . what he was doing.” Author correspondence with Paul Matera.
The American Medical Association gave him August Gribbin
“The whole Nurse Jackie thing” Resources for nurses trying to stop substance abuse are listed in Chapter 10. For ease of reference, you can find a good preliminary list of links and contact information on this website: http://www.peerassistance.com/links.htm
Chapter 4
“The nurse treats colleagues” The ANA’s Code of Ethics For Nurses; see http://nursingworld.org.
“Somewhere along the line” Interview.
“I knew the minute” Interview.
Relationship-Based Care program Developed by Creative Healthcare Management; see http://chcm.com/relationship-based-care/.
“silent epidemic” Laura A. Stokowski, “A Matter of Respect and Dignity: Bullying in the Nursing Profession,” Medscape.com, September 30, 2010.
“professional terrorism,” Malcolm A. Lewis, “Will the Real Bully Please Stand Up,” Personnel Today, May 1, 2004.
“insidious cannibalism” Penny Sauer. “Do Nurses Eat Their Young? Truth or Consequences,” Journal of Emergency Nursing, January 2012.
“the dirty little secret of nursing.” Theresa Brown, “When the Nurse is a Bully,” The New York Times, February 11, 2010. Brown is also the author of Critical Care: A New Nurse Faces Death, Life, and Everything in Between. HarperOne (2010).
75 percent of nurses had been verbally Michelle Rowe and H. Sherlock, “Stress and Verbal Abuse in Nursing: Do Burned Out Nurses Eat Their Young?” Journal of Nursing Management 13, 2005.
only 23 percent said no. Shellie Simons, “Workplace Bullying Experienced by Massachusetts Registered Nurses and the Relationship to Intention to Leave the Organization,” Advances in Nursing Science 31, no. 2 (2008).
“Most of us could probably . . . ” “Bullying in the Workplace: Reversing a Culture,” American Nurses Association, Nursebooks.org, Maryland (2012).
Portugal See, for example, Luis Sa and Manuela Fleming, Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 29 (2008).
Finland See, for example, Mika Kivimäki, Marko Elovainio, and Jussi Vahtera, “Workplace Bullying and Sickness Absence in Hospital Staff,” Occupational and Environmental Medicine 57 (2000); Cheryl A. Dellasega, American Journal of Nursing.
Australia See, for example, Suzanne Lappeman, “Nurses Are the Bullies, Says Lucas,” Gold Coast Bulletin (Australia), November 24, 2010; Denise Cullen, “Nursing Initiative Pays Off,” Weekend Australian, January 15, 2011; Penny Sauer.
New Zealand Brian G. McKenna et al., “Horizontal Violence: Experiences of Registered Nurses in Their First Year of Practice,” Journal of Advanced Nursing 42; Janette Curtis, Isla Bowen, and Amanda Reid, “You Have No Credibility: Nursing Students’ Experiences of Horizontal Violence,” Nurse Education in Practice 7, no. 3 (May 2007).
Ireland See, for example, Eithne Donnellan, “Most Migrant Nurses Bullied—Study,” The Irish Times, May 7, 2010.
Canada, Taiwan . . . Turkey. “Bullying in the Workplace: Reversing a Culture,” American Nurses Association; Penny Sauer.
Taiwan See also H. C. Pai and S. Lee, “Risk Factors for Workplace Violence in Clinical Registered Nurses in Taiwan,” Journal of Clinical Nursing (May 2011).
Poland Dorota Merecz et al., “Violence at the Workplace—A Questionnaire Survey of Nurses,” European Psychiatry 21 (2006).
Japan Interviews. Thank you to Andrew Robbins and K.O. for assistance in Japan. See also, for example, Kiyoko Abe, “Hierarchical Models of Workplace Bullying Among Japanese Hospital Nurses,” Unpublished Dissertation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (May 2007).
“‘angels in white’” Interview. Other nurses in Japan shared similar sentiments in interviews for this book.
one in three nurses quits . . . See, for example, Martha Griffin, “Teaching Cognitive Rehearsal as a Shield for Lateral Violence: An Intervention for Newly Licensed Nurses,” Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing (November–December 2004).
bullying—not wages— See, for example, Shellie Simons, “Workplace Bullying Experienced by Massachusetts . . .”; Katrina Creer, “Nurses Scared Off,” Sunday Telegraph (Sydney, Australia), August 31, 2003.
nurse bullying is responsible . . . three years. Martha Griffin.
“It is destroying new nurses” Interview.
more nurses experience bullying Judith Vessey, “Bullying of Staff Registered Nurses in the Workplace: A Preliminary Study for Developing Personal and Organizational Strategies for the Transformation of Hostile to Healthy Workplace Environments,” Journal of Professional Nursing (September–October 2009); Lyn Quine, “Workplace Bullying in Nurses,” Journal of Health Psychology (2001); Janette Curtis.