46.“MVF: Pensionniy Vozrast V Rossii Nado Uvelichet Do 63 Let (IMF: Retirement Age In Russia Should Be Raised To 63),” Vesti, June 13, 2012, http://www.vesti.ru/doc.html?id=819920.

47.True, “‘Ghost Villages’ Haunt Russian Vote,” Al-Jazeera(Doha), March 2, 2012, http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/spotlight/russianelections/2012/03/20123272311679897.html.

48.“Divorce-Prone Russia Marks Family Day,” RIA Novosti (Moscow), July 8, 2011, http://en.rian.ru/russia/20110708/165084698.html.

49.True, “‘Ghost Villages’ Haunt Russian Vote,” Al-Jazeera(Doha), March 2, 2012, http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/spotlight/russianelections/2012/03/20123272311679897.html.

50.Hillary White, “Russia Considering Abortion Restrictions to Slow Population Collapse,” Lifesitenews.com, April 28, 2011, http://www.lifesitenews.com/news/russia-considering-abortion-restrictions-to-slow-population-collapse/.

51.Sophia Kishkovsky, “Russia Enacts Law Opposing Abortion,” New York Times, July 15, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/15/world/europe/15iht-russia15.html.

52.True, “‘Ghost Villages’ Haunt Russian Vote,” Al-Jazeera(Doha), March 2, 2012, http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/spotlight/russianelections/2012/03/20123272311679897.html.

53.Lena Smirnova, “Boyz II Men Expect Muscovites to Bring ‘A-Game’ to Concert,” Moscow Times, January 30, 2013, http://www.themoscowtimes.com/arts_n_ideas/article/boyz-ii-men-expect-muscovites-to-bring-a-game-to-concert/474719.html.

54.As outlined in World Health Organization, Health Systems in Transition13, no. 7 (2011): http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/157092/HiT-Russia_EN_web-with-links.pdf.

55.“Russian Official Warns of Insufficient Spending on Education, Health, Science,” Interfax, September 4, 2012 (via BBC monitoring).

56.Mark Schneider, “New START’s Dangerous Legacy,” American Foreign Policy Council Defense Dossier, no. 1 (December 2011): http://www.afpc.org/files/december2011.pdf.

57.As cited in “The Mood of Russia: Time to Shove Off,” Economist, September 13, 2011.

58.Howard Amos, “800,000 Russians Committed Suicide Since Soviet Union Collapsed,” Telegraph, October 21, 2011.

CHAPTER THREE

1.“Russia’s Turning Muslim, Says Mufti,” Australian, August 6, 2005, http://www.theaustralian.com.au/common/story_page/0,5744,16167042%5E2702,00.html.

2.Statistics derived from the 2002 All Russia Population Census, Vserossiyskaya Perepis Naseleniya 2002a Goda, www.perepis2002.ru.

3.“Russia’s Turning Muslim, Says Mufti,” Australian, August 6, 2005, http://www.theaustralian.com.au/common/story_page/0,5744,16167042%5E2702,00.html.

4.See Daniel Pipes, “The Problem of Soviet Muslims,” Asian Outlook(Taipei), March–April 1991, http://www.danielpipes.org/206/the-problem-of-soviet-muslims.

5.See, for example, Robert Conquest, The Nation Killers: The Soviet Deportation of Nationalities(London: Macmillan, 1970).

6.See Jonah Hull, “Russia Sees Muslim Population Boom,” Al-Jazeera(Doha), January 13, 2007, http://english.aljazeera.net/news/europe/2007/01/2008525144630794963.html.

7.Statistics derived from the 2002 All Russia Population Census, Vserossiyskaya Perepis Naseleniya 2002a Goda, www.perepis2002.ru.

8.Ibid.

9.Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life, “The Future of the Global Muslim Population: Projections for 2010–2030,” January 27, 2011, http://www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-russia.aspx.

10.“Muslim Birthrate Worries Russia,” Washington Times, November 20, 2006, http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2006/nov/20/20061120-115904-9135r/?page=all.

11.Judyth Twigg, “Differential Demographics: Russia’s Muslim and Slavic Populations,” Center for Strategic and International Studies PONARS Policy Memo, no. 388, December 2005, http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/pm_0388.pdf.

12.Pew Forum, “The Future of the Global Muslim Population.”

13.“Russian Muslim Leader Calls for Crescent as Part of National Emblem,” RIA Novosti, April 15, 2011, http://en.rian.ru/russia/20110415/163540921.html.

14.Stephan Sievert, Sergey Zakharov, and Reiner Klingholz, “The Waning World Power: The Demographic Future of Russia and the Other Soviet Successor States,” Berlin Institute for Population and Development, April 2011, http://www.berlin-institut.org/publications/studies/the-waning-world-power.html.

15.Ibid.

16.Ibid.

17.Jeremy Page, “The Rise of Russian Muslims Worries Orthodox Church,” Times of London, http://www.islamawareness.net/Europe/Russia/rise.html.

18.Pipes, “Predicting a Majority-Muslim Russia,” Lion’s Den(blog), danielpipes.org, August 6, 2005, http://www.danielpipes.org/blog/2005/08/predicting-a-majority-muslim-russia.

19.Paul Goble, Remarks before the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, December 17, 2009, http://csce.gov/index.cfm?FuseAction=ContentRecords.ViewTranscript&ContentRecord_id=465&ContentType=H,B&ContentRecordType=B&CFID=25941239&CFTOKEN=36947033.

20.Michael Mainville, “Islam Thrives as Russia’s Population Falls,” Toronto Star, December 3, 2006, http://www.imra.org.il/story.php3?id=31875.

21.Ibid.

22.Hull, “Russia Sees Muslim Population Boom,” Al-Jazeera(Doha), January 13, 2007, http://english.aljazeera.net/news/europe/2007/01/2008525144630794963.html.

23.“Cherez polveka Musulmani v Rossii Mogut Stat Bolshenstvom—Posol MID RF [In Half a Century, Muslims in Russia Could Become the Majority—Russia’s OIC Ambassador],” Interfax (Moscow), October 10, 2007, http://www.interfax-religion.ru/islam/print.php?act=news&id=20767.

24.“Analyst Predicts Muslim Majority in Russia within 30 Years,” Voice of America, October 31, 2009, http://www.voanews.com/content/a-13-2006-02-28-voa77/399222.html.

25.Gordon Hahn, Russia’s Islamic Threat(New Haven: Yale University Press, 2007), 6.

26.“The Strategy of Socio-Economic Development of the North Caucasus Federal District Until 2025,” Vestnik Kavkaza, October 7, 2010, http://vestnikkavkaza.net/analysis/society/6671.html.

27.“Russia’s Economy,” Economist, December 22, 2011, http://www.economist.com/blogs/graphicdetail/2011/12/focus-1.

28.Sievert, Sergey Zakharov, and Reiner Klingholz, “The Waning World Power: The Demographic Future of Russia and the Other Soviet Successor States,” Berlin Institute for Population and Development, April 2011, http://www.berlin-institut.org/publications/studies/the-waning-world-power.html.

29.“Nine Tenths Of Chechens Living in Poverty: Minister,” Agence France-Presse, August 18, 2005, http://reliefweb.int/report/russian-federation/russian-fed-nine-tenths-chechens-living-poverty-minister.

30.Jacey Fortin, “For Russian-Controlled Chechnya, a Sparkling City and a Dancing Dictator,” International Business Times, September 20, 2012, http://www.ibtimes.com/russian-controlled-chechnya-sparkling-city-dancing-dictator-793810.

31.Sievert, Sergey Zakharov, and Reiner Klingholz, “The Waning World Power: The Demographic Future of Russia and the Other Soviet Successor States,” Berlin Institute for Population and Development, April 2011, http://www.berlin-institut.org/publications/studies/the-waning-world-power.html.

32.Jeronim Perovic, The North Caucasus on the Brink(Zurich: Center for Security Studies, 2006), 19, http://kms2.isn.ethz.ch/serviceengine/Files/EINIRAS/22365/ipublicationdocument_singledocument/B5E9E0D0-8C98-4C41-8F21-78FBE60063B8/en/casestudy_north_caucasus.pdf/.

33.“Federal Subjects of Russia by Unemployment Rate,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia_by_Unemployment_Rate.

34.“Russia’s Regions: Facts and Figures,” United Nations Development Programme, http://www.undp.ru/index.phtml?iso=RU&lid=1&pid=1&cmd=text&id=187.