Loud, Llewellyn L., and M. R. Harrington. “Lovelock Cave,” University of California Publications in American Archaeology & Ethnology, 25:1 (1929): 154-155.
Lowie, Robert H. “Note On Shoshonian Ethnography,” Anthropological Papers Of The American Museum Of Natural History, 20:3. American Museum Press, 1924: 199.
McPherson, John Making Meat II. Randolph: Kansas: McPherson, 1988: 21-22. (Available at P.O. Box 96, Randolph, KS 66394.
Olsen, Larry Dean Outdoor Survival Skills. 4th ed., Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 1973: 78-79.
Steward, Julian H. “Ethnography Of The Owens Valley Paiute,” University of California Publications in American Archaeology & Ethnology, 33, (1933): 254.
Wheat, Margaret M. Survival Arts of the Primitive Paiutes. Reno: University of Nevada Press, 1967: 72-73.
Index
A
Aboriginal lifestyle
Africa
Anasazi Indians
Animal tracking. See Tracking
Archery
Arrowheads
Ash Cooking
Atlatl
darts
manufacture
use
Axe, hand
B
Badger
Basketry
bark
decorative materials
juniper
leaves and grasses
materials
pine needle
roots
seed pods
shoots
vines
willow
wood splints
Blowgun, Southeastern
darts
history
manufacture
BYU Youth Leadership
480 Program
C
Catawba Indians
Cattails
Cherokee Indians
Choctaw Indians
Clay
collection
modeling
preparation
Cooking
ash
boiling
fires
grilling
pit
skewering
spit
stone oven
Cordage
Cro-Magnon
D
Deadfall. See Paiute deadfall
F
Finland
fishing
hunting
Fire Piston
discovery
manufacture
origins
use
Fishing
Flintknapping
ethics
Food
cooking. See Cooking
nutritional value of wild foods
nutritional value of wild game
yucca
H
Hertzian Cone
Hide Glue
care
manufacturing
Homo Sapiens
Hunter-gatherer
Hunting
I
Insulation
Ishi
J
Juniper-bark baskets.
See also basketry
aboriginal examples
manufacture
removing bark
tools
K
Kiddles
Knife, stone
L
Leadership
Lean-to. See Shelter
N
Native American culture and tradition
Neanderthals
Nettles
O
Oven. See Cooking, stone oven
P
Paiute deadfall
components
setting
troubleshooting
Paiute Indians
Pine needle baskets. See Basketry
Pit Cooking. See Cooking, pit
Possibles Bag
Pottery
clay
coil and scrape technique
color
decoration
designs
glossary
firing
form
history
modeling
painting
polishing
slips
tools
Ptarmigan, snaring
R
Raffia
Rivercane. See Blowgun, Southeastern
S
Sandals, Yucca
Search-and-Rescue. See Tracking, man
Shelter
Snow Cave
Spit Cooking
Steam Pit
Stone tools. See Tools
Stone Oven
Survival
T
Tachypyrion. See Fire Piston
Thistle
Tools
Tracking
animals
man
Tracking stick
Trail marking
Traps. See Paiute deadfall
W
Wickiups, see also shelter
Wild Foods
Willow Baskets. See also Basketry
finishing
harvesting willow
materials
shaping
splicing
spokes
tools
twining
weaving
Y
Yucca
bags
basketry
brushes
cordage
firestarter
food
identification
needle and thread
sandles
soap
uses
weaving
a
Ishiwas the last survivor of the northern California Yana culture. He is considered the last north American ‘wild’ Indian to wander into civilization from a Stone Age existence. His first contact was August 29, 1911-from that time until his death in December, 1914, his every movement was meticulously studied by anthropologists.
The peculiarities of Ishi’s shooting were, first, that he preferred to shoot from a crouching position. He held the bow diagonally across the front of the body, the face of the bow higher than the other limb and to the left. The string was drawn at cheek level.
Ishi’s method of arrow release was seemingly a Yana variant of the Mongolian or Asiatic release, which is one of the five common classes of arrow releases worldwide, but one not otherwise reported for native America. It has been speculated that this technique was brought from Asia when Ishi’s people migrated to this continent thousands of years ago.
The Mongolian release is used for shooting the composite bow with the aid of a thumb ring, since it is the flexed thumb which accomplishes the pull, the fingers being used only to guide and support the arrow. Ishi used no thumb guard or ring, and his bow was a simple, not a composite one. Ishi drew the bow with the flexed right thumb as in the classic Mongolian release. The Yana variation was in one finger position: the tip of the middle finger was placed lightly against the thumbnail to steady and strengthen its hold.