Strategic deterrence presupposes the development and systemic realization of a range of interconnected political, diplomatic, military, economic, informational, and other measures, intended to forestall or reduce the threat of destructive action on the part of a state aggressor (coalition of states).

Strategic deterrence is realized with the use of the state’s economic resources, including support for the forces providing national security, by means of the development of a system of military-patriotic education of Russian citizens and likewise of military infrastructure and administration systems for the state military organization.

27.The Russian Federation provides national defense on the basis of principles of reasonable sufficiency and effectiveness, including by means of non-military response, mechanisms of public diplomacy and peacekeeping, and international military cooperation.

28.Military security is ensured by developing and improving the military organization and defensive potential of the state and likewise the allocation of sufficient financial, material, and other resources for this purpose.

The strategic objectives of national defense are realized by developing the system of national security, implementing a long-term military-technological policy and developing military infrastructure, and likewise by improving the system of administration of the state military organization and by realizing a range of measures increasing the prestige of military service.

29.The long-term state policy of the Russian Federation in the area of national defense and military construction, including within the framework of the Union State [with Belarus], is oriented towards the improvement of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies, called upon to ensure the security, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of the state, under any given conditions of the military-political environment.

30.Threats to military security include the policies of a number of leading foreign countries, directed at achieving predominant superiority in the military sphere, primarily in terms of strategic nuclear forces, but also by developing high-precision, informational, and other high-technology means of conducting armed warfare, strategic non-nuclear arms, by unilaterally creating a global missile defense system and militarizing space, which could lead to a new arms race, and likewise policies directed at the proliferation of nuclear, chemical, and biological technologies, and the production of weapons of mass destruction, their delivery systems, or their components.

Negative influences on the military security of the Russian Federation and its allies are aggravated by the departure from international agreements pertaining to arms limitation and reduction, and likewise by actions intended to disrupt the stability of systems of government and military administration, rocket attack warning systems, control of outer space, the functioning of strategic nuclear forces, nuclear weapons storage facilities, nuclear energy, nuclear and chemical industry, and other potentially dangerous sites.

31.The Russian Federation realizes the long-term state policy of national defense by developing a system of foundational conceptual documents, and likewise of documents concerned with planning and developing norms of legal regulation of state bodies, of institutions, of enterprises and organizations of the real economy, and of civil society institutions, in times of peace and war; and, moreover, with the improvement of the forces and means of civil defense, as well as the country’s communication networks and transport infrastructure in the interests of national defense.

32.The main challenge of strengthening national defense in the medium term is the transition towards a qualitatively new profile for the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, while maintaining the potential of the strategic nuclear forces, by improving the organizational staff structure and system of territorially-based troops and forces, increasing the number of divisions at constant readiness, and likewise improving operations and combat training, as well as improving the organization of interaction among different troops and forces.

To this end, the recruitment system of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies is being clarified, including personnel training and development of relevant infrastructure; optimal standby mechanisms are being developed; the prestige of military service and officers’ status is being enhanced; and likewise government programs and contracts are being executed for the development, creation, and modernization of arms, military and specialist technology, including means of communication, reconnaissance, electronic warfare, and command control.

33.In the medium term, the transition towards a single system of contracts by the federal organs of executive power for armaments, military and specialist technology to supply the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies, should be completed, as should the transition to a unified system of logistics and technical support. Normative legal regulation of the maintenance of supplies of material resources in the state- and mobilization reserve should be achieved and likewise the collaboration with other states in the area of military security.

34.The restructuring, optimization and development of the military-industrial complex of the Russian Federation in the medium term corresponds to the resolution of challenges regarding the comprehensive and timely provision of modern armaments and specialized technology to the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies.

2. STATE AND PUBLIC SECURITY

35.Strategic national security objectives in the sphere of state and public security are the protection of Russia’s constitutional system, of the basic rights and freedoms of the individual and the citizen, of the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of the Russian Federation, and likewise the preservation of civil peace, political and social stability.

36.For the provision of national security in the domain of long-term state and public security, the Russian Federation starts from the necessity of constant improvements to law enforcement measures for the exposure, prevention, disruption, and discovery of acts of terrorism, extremism, and other criminal infringements on the rights and freedoms of the individual and the citizen, on property, on social order and public security, and on the constitutional system of the Russian Federation.

37.The main threats to national security in the sphere of state and public security are as follows:

—investigative or other activity by the special services and organizations of foreign countries and likewise by individual persons, directed at causing harm to the security of the Russian Federation;

—the activity of terrorist organizations, groups and individuals, directed at violent changes to the constitutional system of the Russian Federation, the disruption of normal functioning of state bodies (including violent action against governmental, political and social actors), the destruction of military or industrial sites, enterprises and institutions providing for vital social activities, and intimidation of the population, including by means of nuclear and chemical weapons or dangerous radioactive, chemical, and biological substances;

—the extremist activity of nationalist, religious, ethnic or other organizations and structures, directed at destroying the unity and territorial integrity of the Russian Federation, destabilization of the internal political and social situation in the country;

—the activity of transnational criminal organizations and groupings, connected to illegal trafficking of narcotic and psychotropic substances, weapons, ammunition, and explosive substances;