“Such an event occurred . . .”New Scientist, “Vanished,” August 7, 1999.

“equivalent to the world’s output of coal . . .” Trefil, Meditations at 10,000 Feet, p. 122.

“a lag in the official, astronomical start of a season . . .” Stevens, p. 111.

“how long it takes a drop of water . . .”National Geographic, “New Eyes on the Oceans,” October 2000, p. 101.

“about twenty thousand times as much carbon . . .” Stevens, p. 7.

“the ‘natural’ level of carbon dioxide . . .”Science, “The Ascent of Atmospheric Sciences,” October 13, 2000, p. 303.

CHAPTER 18 THE BOUNDING MAIN

“a world dominated by dihydrogen oxide . . .” Margulis and Sagan, p. 100.

“A potato is 80 percent water . . .” Schopf, p. 107.

“Almost nothing about it can be used . . .” Green, p. 29; and Gribbin, In the Beginning, p. 174.

“By the time it is solid . . .” Trefil, Meditations at 10,000 Feet, p. 121.

“an utterly bizarre property . . .” Gribbin, In the Beginning, p. 174.

“like the ever-changing partners in a quadrille . . .” Kunzig, p. 8.

“only 15 percent of them are actually touching.” Dennis, The Bird in the Waterfall, p. 152.

“Within days, the lips vanish . . .”Economist, May 13, 2000, p. 4.

“A typical liter of seawater will contain . . .” Dennis, p. 248.

“we sweat and cry seawater . . .” Margulis and Sagan, pp. 183-84.

“There are 320 million cubic miles of water . . .” Green, p. 25.

“By 3.8 billion years ago . . .” Ward and Brownlee, p. 36.

“Altogether the Pacific holds just over half . . .” Dennis, p. 226.

“we would better call our planet not Earth but Water.” Ball, p. 21.

“Of the 3 percent of Earth’s water that is fresh . . .” Dennis, p. 6; and Scientific American, “On Thin Ice,” December 2002, pp. 100-105.

“Go to the South Pole and you will be standing . . .” Smith, p. 62.

“enough to raise the oceans . . .” Schultz, Ice Age Lost, p. 75.

“driven to distraction by the mind-numbing routine . . .” Weinberg, A Fish Caught in Time, p. 34.

“But they sailed across almost seventy thousand nautical miles . . .” Hamilton-Paterson, The Great Deep, p. 178.

“female assistants whose jobs were inventively described . . .” Norton, p. 57.

“Soon afterward he teamed up with Barton . . .” Ballard, The Eternal Darkness, pp. 14-15.

“The sphere had no maneuverability . . .” Weinberg, A Fish Caught in Time, p. 158, and Ballard, p. 17.

“Whatever it was, nothing like it has been seen since . . .” Weinberg, A Fish Caught in Time, p. 159.

“In 1958, they did a deal with the U.S. Navy . . .” Broad, The Universe Below, p. 54.

“We didn’t learn a hell of a lot from it . . .” Quoted in Underwater magazine, “The Deepest Spot On Earth,” Winter 1999.

“the designers couldn’t find anyone willing to build it.” Broad, p. 56.

“In 1994, thirty-four thousand ice hockey gloves . . .”National Geographic, “New Eyes on the Oceans,” October 2000, p. 93.

“perhaps a millionth or a billionth of the sea’s darkness.” Kunzig, p. 47.

“tube worms over ten feet long . . .” Attenborough, The Living Planet, p. 30.

“Before this it had been thought . . .”National Geographic, “Deep Sea Vents,” October 2000, p. 123.

“enough to bury every bit of land . . .” Dennis, p. 248.

“it can take up to ten million years . . .” Vogel, p. 182.

“our psychological remoteness from the ocean depths . . .” Engel, The Sea, p. 183.

“When they failed to sink . . .” Kunzig, pp. 294-305.

“Blue whales will sometimes break off a song . . .” Sagan, p. 225.

“Consider the fabled giant squid.”Good Weekend, “Armed and Dangerous,” July 15, 2000, p. 35.

“as many as thirty million species . . .”Time, “Call of the Sea,” October 5, 1998, p. 60.

“Even at a depth of three miles . . .” Kunzig, pp. 104-5.

“Altogether less than a tenth of the ocean . . .”Economist survey, “The Sea,” May 23, 1998, p. 4.

“doesn’t even make it into the top fifty . . .” Flannery, The Future Eaters, p. 104.

“Many fishermen ‘fin’ sharks . . .”Audubon, May-June 1998, p. 54.

“nets big enough to hold a dozen jumbo jets.”Time, “The Fish Crisis,” August 11, 1997, p. 66.

“We’re still in the Dark Ages.”Economist, “Pollock Overboard,” January 6, 1996, p. 22.

“Perhaps as much as twenty-two million metric tons . . .”Economist survey, “The Sea,” May 23, 1998, p. 12.

“Large areas of the North Sea floor . . .”Outside, December 1997, p. 62.

“By 1990 this had sunk to 22,000 metric tons . . .”Economist survey, “The Sea,” May 23, 1998, p. 8.

“Fishermen . . . had caught them all.” Kurlansky, Cod, p. 186.

“had not staged a comeback”Nature, “How Many More Fish in the Sea?” October 17, 2002, p. 662.

“‘fish’ is ‘whatever is left.’ ” Kurlansky, p. 138.

“90 percent of lobsters are caught . . .”New York Times magazine, “A Tale of Two Fisheries,” August 27, 2000, p. 40.

“As many as fifteen million of them . . .” BBC Horizon transcript, “Antarctica: The Ice Melts,” p. 16.

CHAPTER 19 THE RISE OF LIFE

“After a few days, the water in the flasks . . .”Earth, “Life’s Crucible,” February 1998, p. 34.

“Repeating Miller’s experiments . . .” Ball, p. 209.

“as many as a million types of protein . . .”Discover, “The Power of Proteins,” January 2002, p. 38.

“the odds against all two hundred . . .” Crick, Life Itself, p. 51.

“Hemoglobin is only 146 amino acids long . . .” Sulston and Ferry, The Common Thread, p. 14.

“DNA is a whiz at replicating . . .” Margulis and Sagan, p. 63.

“If everything needs everything else . . .” Davies, p. 71.

“some kind of cumulative selection process . . .” Dawkins, The Blind Watchmaker, p. 45.

“Lots of molecules in nature get together . . .” Dawkins, The Blind Watchmaker, p. 115.

“an obligatory manifestation of matter . . .” Quoted in Nuland, How We Live, p. 121.

“If you wished to create another living object . . .” Schopf, p. 107.

“There is nothing special about the substances . . .” Dawkins, The Blind Watchmaker, p. 112.

“As one leading biology text puts it . . .” Wallace et al., Biology: The Science of Life, p. 428.

“Well into the 1950s . . .” Margulis and Sagan, p. 71.

“We can only infer from this rapidity . . .”New York Times, “Life on Mars? So What?” August 11, 1996.

“was chemically destined to be.” Gould, Eight Little Piggies, p. 328.

“when tens of thousands of Australians . . .”Sydney Morning Herald, “Aerial Blast Rocks Towns,” September 29, 1969; and “Farmer Finds ‘Meteor Soot,’ ” September 30, 1969.

“it was studded with amino acids . . .” Davies, pp. 209-10.

“A few other carbonaceous chondrites . . .”Nature, “Life’s Sweet Beginnings?” December 20-27, 2001, p. 857, and Earth, “Life’s Crucible,” February 1998, p. 37.