I woke half tranced, understanding where I was but not at once why I was there. Then the dream came clear. It’s Sunday afternoon, March 9, ’69, 157th anniversary of President Madison’s disclosure of the notorious “Henry Letters” to Congress in 1811, cool and cloudy in Buffalo, New York. I have breakfasted early, read through the Sunday Times, taken a restless midafternoon nap — and dreamed once again of waking in the Maryland marshes.

No doubt the dream, above recorded, had been prompted by a recent invitation to visit that state in June for my maiden honorary degree. Its content was clear: my ancient wish to write the comic epic that Ebenezer Cooke, 17th-Century Laureate of Maryland, put aside to write his Sot-Weed Factor, and which I myself put aside for the novel LETTERS: a Marylandiad. Its hero would live the first half of his life in the first three dozen years of the republic (say, 1776–1812) and the second half in its “last” (say, 1940–1976), with a 128-year nap between, during which — unlike Rip Winkle’s case — the country ages but the sleeper doesn’t. Enjoying the celebrated midlife crisis, he wanders alone at midday (make it 21 June 1812 or thereabouts) into the marshes, “devouring his own soul,” etc., dozes off, and wakes as it seems to him a very short while later. Begin perhaps with his waking, half tranced, with that odd sense of an additional past, a double history, one contiguous to “now” and one Revolutionary.

But in this latest dream there was a third…

Relate: Greece is to Rome as Rome is to the U.S.: translatio studii, “westward the course of empire,” “manifest destiny.” Joel Barlow, Philip Freneau. Iliad: Aeneid::Aeneid: Marylandiad, the second an imitation of the first, the third a parody of the second.

Back to LETTERS: notes on Ambrose Mensch’s story about Perseus, Andromeda, Medusa.

Work in: “2nd Revolution” (1812 War called Second War of Independence). Eben Cooke’s Sot-Weed Redivivus (1730). Roman economy slave-based, like early U.S.; Romans “invented” satire (also, especially under Augustus, bureaucracy, civil service, the mercantile middle class, and red tape). Ebenezer Cooke an “Augustan” poet. Rome built on marshes between those seven hills. Crank explanation of Empire’s fall: anopheles mosquito from those marshes. Sleeping sickness. Cooke in Sot-Weed Redivivus advises Marylanders to drain marshes. Philip Freneau traces Indians from Carthaginians; ditto Cooke in The Sot-Weed Factor (1698).

Marshes: associated with both decay and fertility, female genitalia (cf. Freudians on Medusa), death and rebirth, miasma (pestilence, ague, rheumatism, sinusitis), evil, damnation, stagnation (e.g. Styx, Avernus; also Ezekiel 47:11). Behemoth sleeps in cover of reeds (Job 40:11). Marsh ibis sacred to Thoth, inventor of writing. Reed pens and styli; papyri. East Anglia fenlands associated with eccentricity, independent-spiritedness, fertility, dialects, odd customs. “The Marsh King” (Alfred the Great, 848?-900). 12th-Century Chinese story-cycle Shui-liu Chuan: “Men of the Marshes.” Maryland is “Border State”: tidewater marsh also, between land and sea. Irish bog-peat: not only sphagnum but shrub Andromeda.

Back to Perseus.

Great sleepers, arranged alphabetically: Arthur, Barbarossa, Brunhilde, Charlemagne, Francis Drake, Endymion, Epimenides, Finnegan, Herla, Honi the Circle Drawer, John the Divine, Peter Klaus, Lazarus, Mahdi, Merlin, Odin, Ogier the Dane, Oisin, old Rip (fell asleep just before Revolution, woke after), Roderick the Goth, Sebastian of Portugal, the Seven Ephesians, Siegfried, Sleeping Beauty, Tannhauser, William Tell, Thomas of Erceldoune, Wang Chih.

Postscript 3/9/74: I wake half tranced, understanding where I am and then, aha, why I’m here: in Baltimore, whereto I’d not contemplated moving at all in 1969. Once again the fiction has been not autobiographic but mildly prophetic. In 1960, in the draft of a story about Ambrose Mensch, I placed a nonexistent point of land on the south bank of Choptank River just downstream from the bridge at Cambridge, Maryland; in 1962 the Corps of Engineers redredged the ship channel, dumped the spoil where the old East Cambridge seawall was, and voila! Having decided in 1968 that the “Author” character in LETTERS would be offered an honorary doctorate of letters from a Maryland university, I receive in 1969 just such an invitation in the mail. And presuming in 1969 to imagine, in notes for Jerome Bonaparte Bray’s story Bellerophoniad, a “hero” (Bellerophon, slayer of the Chimera) who falls from mythic irreality into the present-day Maryland marshes — I find myself back in the Old Line State.

Just as Eben Cooke put aside his Marylandiad to write The Sot-Weed Factor—and the “editor” of Giles Goat-Boy put aside his novel The Seeker to edit The Revised New Syllabus, and J. Bray’s LILYVAC computer put aside its Concordance to propose the revolutionary novel NOTES—so I put aside, in 1968, in Buffalo, a Marylandiad of my own in favor of the novel LETTERS, whereof Mensch’s Perseid and Bray’s Bellerophoniad were to be tales-within-the-tale. Then, in ’69, ’70, and ’71, I put by LETTERS in pursuit of a new chimera called Chimera: serial novellas about Perseus, Bellerophon, and Scheherazade’s younger sister. Now (having put by Buffalo for Baltimore) it’s back to LETTERS, to history, to “realism”… and to the revisitation of a certain marsh where once I wandered, dozed, dreamed.

But though I have returned to Maryland, I shall not to Cooke’s Marylandiad. One must take care what one dreams. And there are projects whose fit fate is preemption: works meant ever to be put aside for works more pressing; dreams whose true and only dénouement is the dreamer’s waking in the middle, half tranced, understanding where he is but not at once why he’s there.

LETTERS: an old time epistolary novel by seven fictitious drolls & dreamers, each of which imagines himself actual. They will write always in this order: Lady Amherst, Todd Andrews, Jacob Horner, A. B. Cook, Jerome Bray, Ambrose Mensch, the Author. Their letters will total 88 (this is the eighth), divided unequally into seven sections according to a certain scheme: see Ambrose Mensch’s model, postscript to Letter 86 (Part S, p. 770). Their several narratives will become one; like waves of a rising tide, the plot will surge forward, recede, surge farther forward, recede less far, et cetera to its climax and dénouement.

On with the story.

N: The Author to Lady Amherst. Politely declining her invitation.

Department of English, Annex B

State University of New York at Buffalo

Buffalo, New York 14214

March 16, 1969

Prof. Germaine G. Pitt (Amherst)

Acting Provost, Faculty of Letters

Marshyhope State University

Redmans Neck, Maryland 21612

Dear Professor Pitt (Amherst?):

Not many invitations could please me more, ordinarily, than yours of March 8. Much obliged, indeed.

By coincidence, however, I accepted in February a similar invitation from the main campus of the State University at College Park (it seems to be my year down there), and I feel that two degrees in the same June from the same Border State would border upon redundancy. So I decline, with thanks, and trust that the ominous matters you allude to in your remarkable postscript can be forestalled in some other wise.

Why not award the thing to our mutual acquaintance Ambrose Mensch? He’s an honorable, deserving oddball and a bona fide avant-gardist, whose “career” I’ve followed with interest and sympathy. A true “doctor of letters” (in the Johns Hopkins Medical School sense), he is a tinkerer, an experimenter, a slightly astigmatic visionary, perhaps even a revolutionizer of cures — and patient Literature, as your letter acknowledges, if not terminal, is not as young as she used to be either.