Baghdad:attempts to capture, 5, 290–91British occupation of, 40, 268, 398Baker, Sir Herbert, 497, 499, 638, 673Balbo, Italo, 648–49Baldwin, Stanley, 447, 590–91, 602, 603, 674–75Balfour, Arthur J., 39, 440, 461–62, 463, 467, 468, 475Balfour Declaration (1917):controversial nature of, 261, 329, 352, 519–20and Feisal, 306, 399, 697and McMahon-Hussein correspondence, 453and Palestine, 519–20planned adjustments to, 269nSykes’s input into, 272, 280, 306and Zionism, 306, 399, 453, 454, 519–20, 531Barr, James, Setting the Desert on Fire, 69Barrie, J. M., 205Barrow, Sir G. deS., 414, 423, 425–28, 432Basra:British occupation of, 5, 40, 257, 259, 268, 398military intelligence in, 273, 284, 286–87Beach, W. H., 289, 290Beauforte-Greenwood, W. E. G., 653Beaumont, Thomas, 394Beaverbrook, William M. Aitken, Lord, 564Becket, Thomas, 405Bedouin tribesmen:in Arab army, 14, 19–20, 31, 54, 65, 68, 299, 306, 310, 357, 360, 370, 374, 394; see alsoArab armyand Arab regulars, 375, 401–2, 424British army confusion about, 380camels of, 24, 331characteristics of, 57, 69, 87, 94, 95, 187, 212, 296, 301–2, 311, 316clothing of, 22desertions of, 60, 395food of, 26–27, 84and guerrilla warfare, 57, 58, 306, 358, 417guide services of, 24Hejaz dominated by, 260, 307, 625hostility toward Europeans, 403intimidated by modern war instruments, 14, 19Lawrence’s leadership of, 187, 296, 356, 367, 395, 518–19, 522and spoils of war, 63, 66, 94, 100–101, 102, 317, 318, 339–40, 364, 380, 395, 412, 417, 427support for Arab Revolt, 85, 91, 375and Thomas’s film, 387tribal animosities of, 313, 332–33, 367, 404–5, 415, 424, 425, 430–33, 518Beecham, Sir Thomas, 480Beerbohm, Sir Max, 153Beersheba:Allenby’s attack on, 331, 333–34, 352, 406as military goal, 111, 297–98, 323Beeson, C. F. C. “Scroggs,” 141, 142, 144, 148, 150, 156Beirut, Lawrence’s travels in, 169, 179Belgium, German invasion of, 242, 246, 249Bell, C. F., 165, 178Bell, Gertrude, 140, 516and Arab Bureau, 273, 284and British intelligence activities, 252, 283death of, 626fame of, 194Lawrence’s friendship with, 242, 513and Lawrence’s postwar activities, 477, 512–13, 558personal traits of, 194, 626and postwar diplomacy, 471, 506, 512, 517tribal information gathered by, 242, 283, 286visit to Carchemish, 192, 194–95Beni Ali, Turkish massacre of, 37Beni Sakhr tribe, 332–33, 360, 364, 391–92Beni Salem, as date growers, 30–31Benn, Tony, 118Betjeman, John, 155nBilli tribes, 65Bir el Sheikh, journey to, 22, 26–27Birkenhead, Lord (formerly F. E. Smith), 271, 650Biscayne “Baby” speedboats, 649 Biscuit(speedboat), 649–51, 652Blake, William, 630Blandford-Baker, Mark, 162nBlйriot, Louis, 171Bliss, Howard S., 472nBlumberg, Lillian, 691nBlumenfeld, R. D., 564, 568, 630Blunt, Wilfred Scawen, 506Boer War, 57Bolt, Robert, 692Bone, Reginald, 627–29, 631Bonham-Carter, Ian Malcolm, 550–51, 553Borton, A. E. “BiГy,” 606–7Bowra, C. M., 661Boyle, William “Ginger,” 43–44, 56, 59, 64, 65–66, 90, 301Brando, Marlon, 692, 693Bray, Sir Denis, 634Breese, drill adjutant, 551–53Brйmond, Йdouard, 48, 52, 60, 67, 70, 298, 458, 463Britain:ambitions for Middle East, 38–40, 42n, 60, 81–82, 83–84, 89, 92, 112, 253, 261, 270, 277–78, 284, 303, 504, 505, 533, 697and Arab Revolt, seeArab Revoltarmy of, seeBritish armyand Balfour Declaration, 261, 269n, 272, 280, 306, 329, 352, 399, 453class distinctions in, 443, 493, 535, 536, 540, 547, 584colonial system of, 48, 686, 697, 698the Establishment in, 182events leading to World War I, 13, 242Feisal’s visits to, 462–68, 464, 486–87, 511, 610French rivalry with, 48, 270, 275, 453, 456, 460–61, 474German rivalry in archaeology with, 184and gold standard, 619and the “great game,” 631–32honors and awards to Lawrence from, 112–13, 373, 383, 384, 447–50, 486, 516, 518Intelligence Department, Cairo, 252–55, 257, 258, 273, 284, 291libel law in, 592, 598, 600MI7 in, 444and negotiated peace, 303–6, 398–99and Palestine Exploration Fund, 63, 83, 232–41, 246and Paris Peace Conference, 439–40, 453, 456–59, 462, 469, 475–76, 510promises broken by, 14, 92, 378, 398, 401, 436–37, 444, 450, 452–53, 462, 506, 564, 697promises made by, 261, 266, 268–69, 377, 465, 486Schneider Trophy Cup won by, 649spies for, 183, 221and Suez Canal, 234, 256, 267, 282, 285, 510, 515and Sykes-Picot agreement, seeSykes-Picot agreementBritish army:allies in World War I, 10, 242, 252, 304, 305Arab army supported by, 70CIGS (chief of imperial general staГ), 45, 48–49, 112, 361Desert Mounted Corps, 429at Gallipoli, 4, 263–64, 269, 277, 282, 285, 290, 295Imperial Camel Brigade, 381, 395–96, 402, 403, 404, 408, 598RAF compared with, 579–80, 602Royal Tank Corps, 576–81, 589Sandhurst training of, 235–36Turkish army underestimated by, 4and World War I, 45, 245, 277, 304, 381XX Corps, 380British Army Service Corps, 70British Expeditionary Force (BEF), 105, 304, 381British Museum, 184, 185, 186, 191, 197, 199, 209, 210, 222, 223British Museum Library, 565, 618British Power Boats factory, 653Brooke, Rupert, 200, 265Brough, George, 609, 612, 613Brough motorcycles, 574, 581, 590, 595, 608, 609–10, 609, 612–13, 640, 643–44, 659, 678Bruce, John “Jock,” 581–83, 585–88, 602, 657, 686Brydon, William, 632Buchan, John: Greenmantle, 26, 623, 625Lawrence’s correspondence with, 602, 626, 656Lawrence’s friendship with, 589on Lawrence’s writing, 620, 623Bunsen, Sir Maurice de, 270Bunyan, John, 630Burma, in World War II, 29Burmester, Rudolf, 108Burns, Ken, 694Burroughs, William, 344Burton, Isabel, 327Burton, Percy, 479, 481Burton, Sir Richard, 94, 321, 327Buswari Agha, 229, 240Butler, Lady, 632Buxton, Robert “Robin,” 403, 404, 598, 602

Cairo:Arab Bureau in, 7, 109, 273, 284, 477British in World War I in, 252–62, 265–70, 282–86, 382Churchill’s meeting in, 513, 514, 516–17Intelligence Department in, 252–55, 257, 258, 273, 284, 291Survey Department in, 258Callwell, C. E., Small Wars, 57, 58Campbell, Joseph, 176, 178 ’e Hero with a Thousand Faces, 141Canterbury, archbishop of, 654Capa, Robert, 558Cape, Jonathan, seeJonathan Cape, publishing houseCarchemish [Iraq], 144, 184–201, 382British interest in, 184–86, 199, 201, 204–5, 215, 221, 222, 240Dahoum in, 196, 197, 212, 214, 224, 228, 646Hittite ruins in, 184–85, 193, 196, 199, 204, 210, 216, 224, 240Kurds in, 219–22, 226, 240Lawrence’s archaeological work in, 191–96, 206–10, 214, 223–31, 239–41Will’s visit to, 225, 228–30Carden, Admiral, 263Carnegie, Dale, 479nCarson (A.S.C. soldier), 362–63Carson, Sir Edward, 271Carter, Howard, 203nCarter, Maurice, 140nCarton de Wiart, Sir Adrian, 235–36Casement, Sir Roger, 654–55Castro, Fidel, 29–30Catchpole, Corporal, 678Catherine the Great, 270nCecil, Lord Robert, 440, 443, 445, 446, 450, 456, 461Cecil, William, 443Chaignon family, 131Chamberlain, Sir Austen, 650Chamberlain, Neville, 675nChapman, Benjamin, 119, 121, 122Chapman, Caroline, 530Chapman, Edith Sarah Hamilton, Lady:daughters of, 121, 122, 128and her husband, 126, 127religious zeal of, 122–23, 132Chapman, Francis Vansittart, 116Chapman, Sir Montagu, 116Chapman, Sir Thomas Robert Tighe, seeLawrence, ThomasChapman, William, 119, 122Chase, Harry, 353, 354, 356, 361, 383–88, 480, 492Chauvel, Sir Henry, 429, 432, 433, 434Chetwode, Sir Philip, 380, 576–78, 597Christie, Agatha, Murder in Mesopotamia, 202Churchill, Lord Randolph (Winston’s father), 451Churchill, Randolph (Winston’s son), 135Churchill, Winston, 135, 140n, 172, 509–21, 650, 687and Baldwin, 674–75books written by, 248, 621and films, 481, 690n, 691and Gallipoli, 4, 263–64and Lady Astor, 644Lawrence as Middle East adviser to, 510–13, 515–16, 520, 521, 524–30, 533, 539, 540, 625, 626, 671, 684, 689and Lawrence’s death, 679, 680Lawrence’s meetings with, 321, 451–52and Lawrence’s RAF enlistment, 540–41, 542, 608Lawrence’s requests for help from, 618, 673and Lloyd George, 509–11Marlborough biography by, 669and Middle East Department, 510–21, 526personal traits of, 271, 303speeches by, 653–54Turkish ships requisitioned by, 248and World War I, 244, 245, 246, 262, 263–64and World War II, 654Circassians, 93, 342Clausewitz, Carl von, 371Clayton, Gilbert, 274, 277as Arab Bureau chief, 12, 48–49, 273and Balfour Declaration, 399in Cairo, 252, 253, 257, 259, 284in Jerusalem, 356and Lawrence’s mental anguish, 378, 400Lawrence’s reports to, 15, 49, 56–57, 82, 90, 109, 281, 355, 361–62, 513as military adviser to Churchill, 512and military strategy, 297, 298and peace negotiations, 399and Sykes-Picot Agreement, 277, 280, 306, 361and Thomas’s film, 387Clemenceau, Georges, 210, 454, 459–62, 474–75, 476, 507Clouds Hill, Moreton, Lawrence’s cottage at, 581, 587, 594, 595, 666, 672, 673–74Clough, Arthur Hugh, “Say Not the Struggle Naught Availeth,” 340, 653–54Cobbold, Lady Evelyn, 238–39, 255Cockerell, Sydney, 540, 597Cody, BuГalo Bill, 480Collins, Michael, 576Colonial Office:ibn Saud supported by, 88Middle Eastern Department of, 510–21, 526Columbia Pictures, 691, 692–93, 694Conan Doyle, Sir Arthur, 654Congo Free State, atrocities in, 654Conrad, Joseph, 554, 612 Heart of Darkness, 654Constable, publishers, 566, 567, 573Constantinople:British archaeological interests in, 185, 215Lawrence’s travel in, 186–87Russian ambitions toward, 12, 270n, 280Cooper, Collin, 649Council of Ten, 473–74Coward, Noлl, 495n, 656Cox, Sir Percy Z., 259, 286, 288–89, 517, 523Crane, C. R., 484Cromwell, Oliver, 119Crusades, and French claims in Middle East, 256, 275, 474Curtis, Lionel:and All Souls, 533, 579, 587nLawrence’s correspondence with, 143, 579, 580, 590, 626, 656Lawrence’s friendship with, 472, 508, 589and Lawrence’s funeral, 679Lawrence’s Middle East views supported by, 506and Lawrence’s military service, 579, 580, 608Curtis Brown, literary agency, 565, 567Curzon, George Nathaniel, 1st Baron:and British entry into Jerusalem, 352and Eastern Committee meetings, 445–47, 456, 461and Feisal, 456, 487, 506and Lawrence’s Middle East travels, 167–68and postwar Middle East diplomacy, 506, 507, 509, 512, 524, 525, 526, 528, 533and Thomas’s biography of Lawrence, 525